The Lighthouse (2019) | The Definitive Explanation

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Welcome to our Colossus Movie Guide for The Lighthouse. This guide contains everything you need to understand the film. Dive into our detailed library of content, covering key aspects of the movie. We encourage your comments to help us create the best possible guide. Thank you!

What is The Lighthouse about?

In The Lighthouse, the unsettling psychological descent of its two main characters into madness and isolation is explored through a series of symbolic and allegorical elements. The film presents themes such as power dynamics, self-destruction, and mankind’s struggle with nature, as well as the relentless pursuit of knowledge that ultimately leads to ruin. The isolated, claustrophobic setting of the lighthouse serves as a catalyst for the characters’ insanity, as they grapple with their personal demons, guilt, and the profound loneliness of their existence. The Lighthouse also explores the implications of toxic masculinity, as the characters engage in futile attempts to assert dominance over one another, which only hastens their undoing.

Movie Guide table of contents

Cast

  • Robert Pattinson – Ephraim Winslow/Thomas Howard
  • Willem Dafoe – Thomas Wake
  • Valeriia Karamän – the Mermaid
  • Logan Hawkes – the real Ephraim Winslow
  • Max Eggers – Writer
  • Robert Eggers – Writer and director

The ending of The Lighthouse explained

In the climactic ending of The Lighthouse, viewers are left with a potent sense of ambiguity and unease, as the film resolves its most prominent themes while simultaneously leaving room for interpretation. This powerful denouement not only deepens the experience of the film but also invites the audience to ponder the deeper meaning of the characters’ actions, relationships, and the symbolic elements that permeate the narrative.

At the heart of The Lighthouse lies the theme of isolation and its psychological toll. The two characters, Thomas Wake and Ephraim Winslow, are confined to a remote lighthouse, cut off from the rest of the world. As the film progresses, their descent into madness becomes increasingly evident. The final scenes serve as a culmination of their psychological unravelling, forcing the audience to question the nature of reality, identity, and the fragility of the human psyche.

The climactic scene in which Winslow finally enters the lighthouse’s lantern room symbolizes his desperate pursuit of enlightenment and truth. Throughout the film, Wake jealously guards the lantern room, denying Winslow access and fostering an air of mystery and allure. When Winslow finally gazes upon the light, it is an emotionally charged moment that represents his attainment of forbidden knowledge. However, instead of satisfaction or closure, he is met with agony and despair. His scream as the light envelops him signifies the unbearable weight of truth, which ultimately proves to be his undoing.

This pivotal moment reinforces the theme of man’s futile struggle against the forces of nature and the unknown. In their isolated environment, Wake and Winslow are pitted against a vast, indifferent sea that threatens to engulf them. Throughout the film, they are shown battling the elements, but it is clear that they are fighting a losing battle. The chaotic tempest that rages around them in the final act further underscores the idea that mankind is ultimately powerless in the face of nature’s might.

In addition, the ending of The Lighthouse serves as a resolution to the power struggle between Wake and Winslow, which is another prominent theme in the film. The characters’ relationship is marked by a constant battle for control, with Wake dominating Winslow through both physical and psychological means. When Winslow kills Wake in the final act, it symbolizes his ultimate rebellion against this authority. However, this act of defiance comes at a great cost, as Winslow’s actions lead to his own destruction. The film thus questions the price of freedom and autonomy, suggesting that they may come at the expense of one’s sanity and humanity.

The final image of Winslow, lying on the rocks and being devoured by seagulls, represents the bleak culmination of his journey. This gruesome scene is a striking visual metaphor for the corrosive effects of isolation and obsession. Winslow’s transgression in seeking the light has led to his utter degradation, as he is consumed both literally and figuratively by the darkness he sought to escape. This haunting image leaves the audience with a sense of profound unease, inviting them to contemplate the implications of Winslow’s tragic fate.

In conclusion, the ending of The Lighthouse effectively resolves the movie’s most prominent themes, leaving the audience with a potent sense of ambiguity and disquiet. By exploring the consequences of isolation, the struggle for power, and mankind’s futile battle against the forces of nature, the film encourages viewers to reflect on the deeper meaning of these themes and their implications for the human condition. The ultimate fates of Wake and Winslow serve as stark reminders of the destructive potential of obsession and the fragile nature of the human psyche when pushed to its limits.

The Lighthouse is a compelling exploration of the darker aspects of human nature, and its enigmatic conclusion invites the audience to grapple with the weighty questions it raises long after the credits have rolled. By refusing to provide easy answers, the film challenges viewers to confront the uncomfortable truths it exposes and to consider the broader implications of its characters’ tragic fates. In doing so, The Lighthouse continues to provoke discussion and debate.

The themes and meaning of The Lighthouse

The Danger of Isolation

Isolation is a fundamental theme in The Lighthouse. The story begins with the arrival of two lighthouse keepers, a young man named Ephraim Winslow and an older man named Thomas Wake, on a desolate island. The two men are assigned to tend to the lighthouse for four weeks, with no other human presence or external communication. This isolation is visually represented through the film’s black-and-white cinematography and claustrophobic 1.19:1 aspect ratio, which encapsulates the characters’ entrapment on the island. Moreover, the film’s sound design, which prominently features the sound of crashing waves, wind, and the constant foghorn, further emphasizes the characters’ detachment from the outside world.

As the days pass, the isolation begins to wear on both characters. Winslow, who initially sought the solitude of the island to escape a troubled past, gradually succumbs to paranoia and hallucinations. Wake, on the other hand, is a veteran lighthouse keeper who appears to be hiding a supernatural secret within the lighthouse’s lantern room. He warns Winslow of the dangers of isolation and the curse of the seabirds, which represent the spirits of dead sailors. Winslow’s increasingly disturbing visions, including those of mermaids and tentacled monsters, demonstrate how isolation can lead to the deterioration of one’s mental state.

The Role of Masculinity

Another theme that pervades The Lighthouse is masculinity. The film explores various facets of manhood, including vulnerability, strength, and the performance of gender roles. This theme is apparent from the beginning when Winslow and Wake engage in a power struggle over the division of labor. Wake asserts dominance by assigning Winslow to the more physically demanding tasks, such as shoveling coal and maintaining the lighthouse’s exterior, while he reserves the more prestigious duty of tending to the light itself.

Masculinity is further emphasized through the characters’ physicality and mannerisms. Winslow, for instance, is shown chopping wood and performing manual labor, while Wake is often depicted smoking a pipe and regaling Winslow with tales of the sea. This dynamic shifts when the characters begin to drink alcohol heavily, which leads to the gradual breakdown of their carefully constructed masculine facades. Winslow is shown sobbing in Wake’s arms during a particularly emotional scene, while Wake loses his stoicism and becomes more vulnerable as the film progresses.

Winslow’s initial reluctance to show emotion and vulnerability is a key element of this theme. His inability to cope with the guilt of his past actions ultimately leads to his psychological unraveling. Additionally, Wake’s manipulation and domineering behavior contribute to the toxic environment, as he uses his authority to maintain control over Winslow.

The Struggle for Power

The struggle for power is a central theme in The Lighthouse. Throughout the film, the characters vie for dominance, both physically and psychologically. This power struggle is most apparent in the characters’ interactions surrounding the lighthouse’s lantern room. Wake forbids Winslow from entering the room, claiming that only the senior lighthouse keeper can tend to the light. This prohibition only serves to fuel Winslow’s curiosity and intensifies his desire to access the room. The lantern room symbolizes power and control, and the film gradually reveals that Winslow’s obsession with the light stems from his yearning for autonomy and escape from his troubled past.

The struggle for power is also evident in the characters’ shifting relationship dynamics. As their isolation intensifies, the characters become increasingly hostile and manipulative, resorting to physical violence and psychological warfare in their quest for dominance. This culminates in a chilling scene where Winslow forces Wake to act like a dog, a symbolic representation of the power imbalance between the two men.

Additionally, the struggle for power is manifested through the characters’ encounters with the supernatural. The mysterious presence in the lighthouse’s lantern room, which Wake seems to worship, represents a higher power that both men are desperate to access. Winslow’s hallucinations, particularly those involving the one-eyed seagull and mermaid, can be seen as manifestations of his subconscious desire to gain control over his environment and escape his past. In the end, Winslow’s pursuit of power leads him to a tragic downfall, as he finally gains access to the lantern room only to be consumed by the overwhelming force of the light.

Why is the movie called The Lighthouse?

The Lighthouse explores themes of isolation, madness, and the human struggle for power and control. The title of the movie not only refers to the physical structure that serves as the primary setting, but also carries deeper symbolic meanings related to light, darkness, and the human psyche.

On a literal level, the lighthouse is a maritime navigational structure that emits light to guide ships and sailors in their journey through treacherous waters. In the film, the lighthouse serves as the workplace and living quarters for the two protagonists, who are tasked with its maintenance. Their isolation from the outside world quickly takes a toll on their mental health, driving them to the brink of insanity. In this sense, the lighthouse becomes a physical representation of confinement and the negative consequences of extreme isolation.

However, the title also signifies a deeper meaning by drawing upon the metaphysical nature of light and darkness. The lighthouse’s light symbolizes truth, knowledge, and enlightenment, while the surrounding darkness represents ignorance, fear, and the unknown. Throughout the film, the characters constantly struggle with their own darkness, as they grapple with their sanity and personal demons.

The lighthouse itself is a beacon of hope amidst the darkness, a source of guidance for lost souls. Yet, only one of the characters is allowed access to the light, asserting power and control over the other. This struggle for control is a prominent theme within the movie. As the characters vie for dominance, the lighthouse becomes a metaphor for their quest for power, knowledge, and ultimately, a sense of self-worth.

Specific moments in the film emphasize the importance of the lighthouse’s symbolism. For instance, when one character finally gains access to the light, he is overcome by a mixture of awe and horror, as if the truth is both mesmerizing and terrifying. This scene highlights the double-edged nature of knowledge and the dangers of seeking absolute truth. The light exposes the character’s deepest fears and vulnerabilities, further emphasizing the dual nature of the lighthouse as both a source of illumination and a catalyst for madness.

Another pivotal moment occurs when the characters are confronted by a massive storm. As the storm rages, the lighthouse’s light becomes their sole hope for survival. In this context, the lighthouse symbolizes the thin line between life and death, and the ultimate fragility of human existence. The storm also serves as a metaphor for the characters’ internal chaos, with the lighthouse acting as a physical representation of the struggle to maintain sanity in the face of overwhelming darkness.

Important motifs in The Lighthouse

The film is set on a remote, storm-ridden island, and the characters are isolated from the rest of the world. This isolation intensifies the tensions between them and heightens the viewer’s sense of unease. The motif of isolation is also represented by the claustrophobic confines of the lighthouse and the characters’ sparse living quarters, which contribute to the suffocating atmosphere.

Mythology

The Lighthouse is steeped in mythological symbolism, drawing on various mythic traditions, including Greek, maritime, and Christian. For example, the character of the older lighthouse keeper can be seen as a representation of Proteus, a Greek sea-god, while the younger character can be likened to Prometheus. The film also incorporates sea lore, such as mermaids and sirens.

Duality

The Lighthouse explores the duality of human nature, presenting its two main characters as opposing yet complementary forces. This duality is evident in the characters’ roles (mentor and apprentice), their appearances (old and young), and their behaviors (dominant and submissive). The motif of duality is further emphasized by the black-and-white cinematography, which creates stark contrasts between light and dark.

Light

The lighthouse’s light itself is a central motif in the film, symbolizing knowledge, power, and the characters’ obsession with it. The light takes on an almost mystical quality, captivating the younger character and driving him to extreme lengths to access it. The light can also be interpreted as a metaphor for enlightenment and self-discovery.

Madness

The Lighthouse chronicles the characters’ psychological decline as their isolation, power struggles, and obsessions take their toll. The film employs a variety of techniques to convey this descent, such as unsettling visuals, disorienting sound design, and increasingly erratic behavior from the characters.

Questions & answers about The Lighthouse

Was the mermaid real? What did she represent?

In The Lighthouse, the mermaid’s existence is left ambiguous, which adds to the overall mysterious atmosphere of the film. Whether she is real or not, the mermaid serves as a symbol of desire, lust, and the unattainable. She is a manifestation of the two main characters’ repressed sexual desires and their longing for companionship.

The mermaid also represents the alluring and dangerous aspects of the sea, as well as the treacherous nature of the lighthouse’s remote location. The seductive power of the mermaid is evident in the way she lures Ephraim and Thomas, causing their eventual unraveling. The mermaid’s haunting presence throughout the film create a sense of dread and desire that plays a significant role in the psychological tension between the characters. The fact that the mermaid’s existence remains uncertain only adds to the film’s surreal and unsettling nature, leaving viewers to question the reliability of the characters’ perceptions and experiences.

The mermaid can also symbolize the forbidden knowledge that the lighthouse’s light seems to hold. As both men yearn to access the light, they are simultaneously drawn to the mermaid’s mysterious allure. By intertwining these elements of desire and danger, the mermaid becomes a powerful metaphor for the psychological battles that the characters face in the film.

What did the seagull represent?

The seagull in The Lighthouse represents the supernatural and the bad omens that come with it. According to Thomas’s beliefs, seagulls are reincarnations of dead sailors, and it is considered bad luck to kill one. The persistent and aggressive nature of the seagull that torments Ephraim throughout the film signifies the characters’ growing paranoia and inner turmoil.

Additionally, the seagull can be seen as a manifestation of the characters’ guilt, particularly Ephraim’s, as his past actions and decisions start to weigh heavily on him. The death of the seagull marks a turning point in the story, as it ushers in a series of unfortunate events that further drive the characters into madness.

The seagull’s presence can also be interpreted as a symbol of the characters’ inability to escape their past mistakes and sins, as the bird constantly hovers around them, reminding them of their guilt. The seagull’s symbolism extends beyond the mere representation of bad luck—it embodies the inevitability of fate and the psychological torment that comes with being trapped in an isolated, unforgiving environment. The constant presence of the seagull reinforces the film’s bleak and oppressive atmosphere, contributing to the overall sense of dread and unease that permeates the story.

What happened with Thomas’s previous assistant?

The fate of Thomas’s previous assistant remains unclear, as the information provided is unreliable and contradictory. Thomas mentions that his previous assistant went mad and died, blaming the supernatural forces surrounding the lighthouse. However, it is also implied that Thomas may have played a role in the assistant’s death, either directly or indirectly. This ambiguity adds to the overall suspense and mystery of the film, and raises questions about the reliability of the characters’ perceptions. As the story unfolds, it becomes increasingly apparent that both Thomas and Ephraim are unreliable narrators, and their accounts of the past become more and more convoluted. This lack of clarity serves to heighten the sense of tension and unease, as viewers are left to question the true nature of the events that transpired.

The uncertainty surrounding the previous assistant’s fate also serves to foreshadow the eventual downward spiral of Ephraim and Thomas’s relationship. It suggests that the lighthouse, and perhaps the mysterious power of the light itself, has a profound impact on the psychological well-being of its keepers, leading them to paranoia, delusion, and even violence. By leaving the details of the previous assistant’s death shrouded in mystery, the film creates an atmosphere of uncertainty that permeates the narrative and keeps viewers on edge.

How much of the movie is in Ephraim’s head?

A significant portion of The Lighthouse may exist only in Ephraim’s head, as his mental state deteriorates throughout the film. The isolation, labor, and harsh conditions contribute to his growing paranoia, hallucinations, and delusions. This blurring of reality and fantasy makes it difficult for viewers to discern what is truly happening, adding to the film’s unsettling and dreamlike atmosphere. As Ephraim’s mental health declines, the lines between his internal struggles and the external world become increasingly indistinct.

This ambiguity is further compounded by the presence of unreliable narrators, as both Ephraim and Thomas provide conflicting accounts of their pasts and their experiences on the island. By keeping the viewer unsure of what is real and what is imagined, the film effectively immerses them in the same disorienting and claustrophobic environment that the characters inhabit. The extent to which the events of the film take place in Ephraim’s mind is left open to interpretation, inviting viewers to explore the complexities of the human psyche and the effects of isolation on mental health.

Why did the light drive the men wild?

The light in The Lighthouse drives the men wild because it represents a source of power, knowledge, and truth that they both desperately crave. This obsession with the light is fueled by the belief that it holds some sort of divine or supernatural power that can grant them insight into the mysteries of the universe. As both men become increasingly fixated on the light, their sanity and moral compasses begin to unravel, leading them down a path of self-destruction.

The light’s ability to drive the men crazy can also be seen as a metaphor for human ambition and the pursuit of forbidden knowledge, as the characters’ relentless quest for the light ultimately results in their undoing. Additionally, the light serves as a symbol of the characters’ internal struggles, reflecting their darkest fears, desires, and insecurities. As they become more and more obsessed with the light, they are forced to confront their own demons, which ultimately leads to their descent into madness.

Now it’s your turn

Have more unanswered questions about The Lighthouse? Are there themes or motifs we missed? Is there more to explain about the ending? Please post your questions and thoughts in the comments section! We’ll do our best to address every one of them. If we like what you have to say, you could become part of our movie guide!

Travis
Travis
Travis is co-founder of Colossus. He writes about the impact of art on his life and the world around us.
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